• The authors identified inhibitors of SUMOylation using two a

  2019-07-15

  

  The authors identified inhibitors of SUMOylation using two assays to monitor the conjugation of SUMO1 to RanGAP1 by E1 and E2 enzymes: a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) primary screen that evaluated over 250,000 compounds and a chemiluminescence secondary screen. A counter screen was u

• In agreement with the evidence on

  2019-07-13

  

  In agreement with the evidence on the Plg-binding function of tapeworm enolases, eukaryotic enolases have been shown to be multifunctional proteins, with other activities besides their role as glycolytic enzymes (Pancholi, 2001). In this respect, several flatworms have been proved to express enolase

• Our results demonstrated that ET

  2019-07-13

  

  Our results demonstrated that ET-1, a Wnt ligand, stimulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. First, ET-1/ETRA binds to Frizzled family cell-surface receptors, resulting in the activation of Dvl1, a Dishevelled (DSH) family protein. Next, activated DSH inhibits the Axin, GSK-3β, and APC protein

• The efficacy of A in the ob ob

  2019-07-13

  

  The efficacy of A-922500 in the ob/ob mouse model is of particular interest for two reasons. One of the most striking features of the DGAT-1 deficient mouse phenotype is the resistance to diet-induced obesity (Smith et al., 2000). However, Ursodiol structure of DGAT-1 in leptin deficient ob/ob mice

• Published results have revealed relationships

  2019-07-13

  

  Published results have revealed relationships between serine 81 in AR and some CDKs, especially CDKs 1, 5 and 9 [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. These results are often supported by pharmacological inhibition of a certain CDK. An effect of CDK1 inhibition on suppression of S81-phosphorylation was previ

• br Acknowledgement br Introduction Recent developments in ca

  2019-07-13

  

  Acknowledgement Introduction Recent developments in cancer immunotherapies have demonstrated durable responses, suggesting that effective immunotherapy would hold promise to improve patient outcome (Gunturu et al., 2013; Hodi et al., 2003; Lutz et al., 2011; Ribas et al., 2009). However, attem

• Another option is to use the thiol groups of cysteine

  2019-07-13

  

  Another option is to use the thiol groups of cysteine residues, which can be modified by use of PEG-maleimide and vinyl sulfone. However, changes in PEGylation interactions or reaction conditions can result in changes in the functional properties of the therapeutic proteins [[50], [51], [52]]. A st

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2019-07-13

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Chicken thrombocyte stimulation with LPS leads to a number of inflammatory responses through TLR4-linked pathways (Scott and Owens, 2008). In mammals, LPS binds to LPS-binding protein (LBP) in the blood serum and this complex is subsequently recogniz

• Antioxidants such as SFN have been proposed to be chemopreve

  2019-07-13

  

  Antioxidants such as SFN have been proposed to be chemopreventive agents to inhibit, delay or reverse the development of cancer (Bayat Mokhtari et al., 2018). SFN was shown in breast epithelial cell culture to suppress oxidative metabolism of E2/E1 and thus protect against estrogen-mediated DNA dama

• Despite many studies having demonstrated the importance of c

  2019-07-13

  

  Despite many studies having demonstrated the importance of connexin43 (Cx43), the most abundant connexin in bone cells, for bone development and turnover during the last decade [27], little is currently known about GJIC and Cx43 in primary bone tumors. In this report, we analyzed the specific role o

• PGE EP activation has been found to attenuate

  2019-07-13

  

  PGE2-EP4 activation has been found to attenuate the activation of microglia and to prevent lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory gene expression in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced adenylate cyclase inflammation [15]. Moreover, PGE2/EP4 signaling has elicited a protective functi

• In the context of food allergy it

  2019-07-12

  

  In the context of food allergy it is hypothesized that intestinal barrier dysfunction might contribute to both antigen sensitization and the IgE/mast cell mediated effector phase of allergic disease, however no concluding data has been published to date [5]. An understanding of the mechanism of prim

• The enzyme cyclooxygenase COX or prostaglandin endoperoxide

  2019-07-12

  

  The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is the key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic E3330 (AA) into prostaglandins (PGs) [1]. In 1991, researchers found that there were two isoforms of this enzyme called COX-1 and COX-2 with independent genes and diffe

• The component E of PDHc PDHc E catalyzes the first

  2019-07-12

  

  The component E1 of PDHc (PDHc-E1) catalyzes the first step of multistep processes, using thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) and Mg2+ as cofactors.15, 16 Especially, this PDHc-E1 catalyzed process is a rate limiting step among multistep processes. Accordingly, the PDHc should be inactive by inhibiting the

• The findings of Qiu et

  2019-07-12

  

  The findings of Qiu et al. (2016) represent the first instance of a Ub-specific mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, as well as the first documentation of E1/E2 independent ubiquitination. Post-translational modification of Ub certainly adds layers of complexity to our understanding of the Ub signal and sho

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