• Introduction Substantial body of evidence

  2022-07-16

  

  Introduction Substantial body of evidence supports the notion that GABA, the dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus of mammals, affects GnRH release by two classes of membrane receptors: GABAA (GABAAR) [1] and GABAB (GABAB R) [2]. Studies in rodents and sheep have documented that

• br Funding This work was

  2022-07-16

  

  Funding This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB766 and GRK1708). Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global problem affecting about 3% of the world’s population [1], [2]. Mother-to-child transmission of HC

• Bryostatin 1 Tetrazole is one of the most commonly used

  2022-07-16

  

  1-Tetrazole is one of the most commonly used bioisosteres for carboxylic acids arising from their similarity in pKa (ca. 4.5–4.9 vs 4.2–4.4, respectively)., Metabolically, tetrazoles may exhibit an advantage over carboxylic acids because they form -glucuronides which are not as chemically reactive

• pHi regulation in astrocytes has been examined primarily in

  2022-07-16

  

  pHi regulation in astrocytes has been examined primarily in cell culture rather than in situ. Two HCO3−-dependent transporters, NBC and Na+-driven Cl-HCO3 exchange (NDCBE), have been described [10,16], in addition to Cl-HCO3 anion exchange (AE) [96]. Culture studies indicate that NHE is the principa

• Since the late s synthetic GC e g prednisone prednisolone

  2022-07-16

  

  Since the late 1940s, synthetic GC (e.g. prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) have been used extensively in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, and for their immunosuppressant action in preventing organ rejection post transplantation. Cortico

• It is generally considered that elevated

  2022-07-16

  

  It is generally considered that elevated blood glucose due to insulin resistance is an important factor in islet compensation to high fat feeding [27]. However, we have shown recently that insulin resistance induced in mice by hydrocortisone injection provokes significant islet glatiramer acetate i

• The NVC response in the diseased or aging

  2022-07-16

  

  The NVC response in the diseased or aging phalloidin may be altered, including changes in both the chemical mediators of NVC, ion channel behaviour, and the dynamics of the vascular system. For example, in Alzheimer’s disease the production of NO is shown to be inhibited (Lourenço et al., 2014), hy

• Fibroblast growth factor receptors FGFRs

  2022-07-16

  

  Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play an essential role in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) exhibiting an extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domai

• br Methods The study was

  2022-07-15

  

  Methods The study was a cross-sectional, ecological analysis of country-reported HIV expenditures. We obtained the most recent available and validated data on annual country-reported HIV expenditures in SSA countries between 2012 and 2017 from the UNAIDS (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/). Many countr

• Genome wide binding and transcriptome analyses demonstrate

  2022-07-15

  

  Genome-wide binding and transcriptome analyses demonstrate that Fbxl10 directly binds the Areg, Mdk, Lmnb1, Thbs1, Mgp and Cxcl12 locus and thereby might influences the expression of these migration associated genes. The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like molecule Amphiregulin (Areg)

• Hypoxia HIF and Inflammation Cellular responses to hypoxia a

  2022-07-15

  

  Hypoxia, HIF, and Inflammation Cellular responses to hypoxia are essential for life and are now recognized to be dysregulated in a wide range of disease processes. The key players in these pathways are a family of transcription factors, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs; see Glossary), as well as

• Wolf et al then proceed to interrogate the mechanism

  2022-07-15

  

  Wolf et al. (2016) then proceed to interrogate the mechanism by which NAG activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. When examining potential triggers previously implicated in NLRP3 activation, they found that both PGN and NAG trigger appearance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytosol, which led them to

• OS has a key role in

  2022-07-15

  

  OS has a key role in the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications [3]. There is now convincing evidence that the enzymes that generate ROS and gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide (NO) and CO, are redox regulated at both the transcription and activity levels, and are also im

• In order to better manage HBV

  2022-07-15

  

  In order to better manage HBV infection and related liver diseases, it is critical to develop new antiviral strategies to increase the rate of functional or complete cure of HBV infection (HBsAg loss and cccDNA elimination), achieving more than viral suppression (Zeisel et al., 2015). As a result, m

• It would also be interesting

  2022-07-15

  

  It would also be interesting to understand the potential connection between asymmetric histone inheritance and another phenomenon reported by several investigators: selective DNA strand segregation (reviewed by Evano and Tajbakhsh, 2013, Rando, 2007, Tajbakhsh and Gonzalez, 2009). Recent development

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